![]() ![]() ![]() Factors to Consider When Buying a Loom Band Bracelet Kit Ability to do the job Step 7: Attach a c-slip or s-clip at the end to secure both ends of the bracelet, and you’re good to go. You will notice that the last rubber band will be attached to the penultimate one through two knots. Step 6: Repeat the process till you reach the end of the loom. Stretch rubber band c over to the pin shared by rubber band c and d and loop it. Step 5: in a similar way, pick one end of rubber band c from the pin shared by rubber band b and c. Stretch rubber band b over to the other side where the other end of rubber band b is placed and loop it. Step 4: Using the given hooks in the kit, pick rubber band b from the pin which is shared by rubber bands a and b. Stop when you are satisfied with the length of your bracelet. Step 3: Continue to place bands similarly so that a continuous zig-zag pattern is formed. The second end of the rubber band must be placed diagonally so that a zig-zag pattern emerges Step 2: Take a second loom band (b) and place one of its ends on the same pin as the first band. That is, the ends of the rubber band must be on pins that are diagonally adjacent to each other. Step 1: Considering that you are making the band on a loom, and not using your fingers, place a rubber band (a) diagonally. Soon after, there was a worldwide frenzy for loom bands. After his daughters approved of the newfangled device, he proceeded to manufacture the loom and made a beginner’s kit. He attempted to participate, but his fingers were too large, so he went about making a plastic loom that could be used to weave jewelry. ![]() Loom bands were first created in 2011 by Cheong Choon Ng, who came up with the concept after seeing his two kids making bracelets out of elastic bands. A loom bracelet kit typically includes c-clips and metal hooks which are crucial accessories required to make different patterns. Little elastic bands called loom bands can be weaved into bracelets, necklaces, and charms. Loom bracelets are bracelets that are formed of looms or rubbers and may be produced in a variety of patterns. Mainly worn as adornment, bracelets are not only fun to wear but also fun to make. Loom Bracelet Kit - A Complete Buying Guide What Is a Loom Bracelet Kit?Ī bracelet is a piece of jewelry that is wrapped around the wrist and worn. How do you choose which loom bracelet kit to buy when there are so many options? Look through our selection of the top loom bracelet kits on the Internet to discover the perfect pastime for you and your children. Now that the loom bracelet fever has swept the globe, like other popular phenomena, it brings its own set of problems and hazards for consumers. They can make exciting new designs and pieces of jewelry for themselves or their friends. A rubber-band loom bracelet kit may be used to make fun and elegant bracelets, charms, and necklaces. If you want a similar way to connect with your children or introduce them to a fun, productive hobby, loom band kits are a great way of doing this. He wanted a way to connect with his daughters and what better way than jewelry-making to achieve that? Ever wondered why a mid-aged man would make a colorful bracelet out of elastics and how he made a fortune out of it? The answer is simple. Better to be safe than sorry," she story was first published in The Straits Times on Sept 7, 2014.Cheong Choon Ng, a Michigan father, was the first one to introduce loom bands to the world which are now famously known as the Rainbow loom. "I told my daughter that from now on we will have to look for the genuine ones since we do not know what is safe and what is not. Managing director Carlene Fong has bought seven different kits and hundreds of packs of bands for her 10-year-old daughter. High amounts of phthalates or prolonged contact with a toy that contains the chemical could also potentially irritate the skin. The Consumers Association of Singapore has not received any complaints but has advised people to buy genuine products that have been vigorously tested by accredited labs.ĭr Lynn Teo of The Dermatology Practice said friction between the bands and skin caused by repeated actions, such as flicking, can result in dryness and itchiness. Mr Lin Daoyang, 34, the managing director of Sophie & Friends, said the number of imitations has at least doubled since July. ![]()
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![]() ![]() A final report is expected by the end of July. The stigma that surrounds the practices of reporting and investigating unidentified aerial phenomena whether for members of the public, commercial pilots or members of the military isnt.Panellists have received online harassment and abuse since signing up to take part in the study - including during today's meeting - we were told, but NASA has emphasised its "complete and total support" for the team.Another panel member, astrobiologist David Grinspoon, said NASA's search for life beyond earth could play a role by supporting the study into UAPs.The US Department of Defence's All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office - which also investigating UAPs separately to NASA - has received around 800 sightings so far, but only a tiny fraction of those contain signals which could be deemed "anomalous".We learned from chair David Spergel that current data collection around UAPs is "unsystematic and fragmented", with his conclusion after the hours-long meeting: "We need better data".Experts will also discuss what role NASA can play in assisting efforts to understand UAPs.The panel is looking at what unclassified information is available on the subject and how much more is needed to understand what is going on in the sky above us.But what did we learn today? Here's a quick recap: The definition of UAP: An unidentified aerial phenomenon (UAP) is the visual stimulus that provokes a sighting report of an object or light seen in the sky, the appearance and/or flight dynamics of which do not suggest a logical, conventional flying object and which remains unidentified after close scrutiny of all available evidence by. With a report not due until later this year, there's still a long way to go to find out if scientists can reach any solid conclusions around the phenomena. The independent panel of 16 experts discussed a wide range of issues in the four-hour long televised meeting at NASA HQ in Washington. ![]() A lot of ground was covered today in NASA's first public meeting on its study of UFOs - or rather, unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAPs). Since that report, defence officials substituted the term anomalous for aerial in the definition of UAP, broadening it to include objects observed in all domains, whether in the air. ![]() ![]() CPU is used 20-30%, the video is buttery smooth (and looks absolutely gorgeous thanks to the terrific screen). If you watch the same video in Edge, the notebook will hardly even notice. If you start a 4K video in Chrome, it will stutter, drop frames and will be terrible to watch. In a nutshell: Google Chrome does not offer hardware acceleration for decoding and playing 4K videos. I am sad to see the situation is the same with the YOGA 900 as well. I wrote about 4K videos with the Yoga 3 Pro in my original review, and revisited the problem later on. There were situations where the Y3P would slow down – there is nothing to notice on the YOGA 900, it just keeps going. Multitasking also works really well, even if running several large applications at the same time. Writing code, compiling, watching movies, image editing, the YOGA 900 took it with ease. I was able to perform all the same things as on my main work computer. Unlike the Core M variant, this one is blazingly fast. The YOGA 900 includes a full mobile/ultrabook CPU, the i7-6500U. ![]() One point where people were complaining for the Yoga 3 Pro was the processor performance. So because of the high resolution screen, some apps will look strange or work strange or will look so tiny, you need a magnifying glass to figure them out. High resolution pictures look amazing, as do 4K videos I watched from YouTube.ĭisplay scaling is not a strong suite for Windows, even in Windows 10. To my eyes the display is above average in quality. I did not perform any RGB gamut testing or other measurements, I leave that to more scientific reviews. The display looks very nice, it is vibrant and has bright colours. You can tweak the sound with the Dolby Audio app, even create your own equalizer profiles. The sound is clear and sounded good to my ears. I enjoyed listening to all kinds of music very much. Plug in some headphones and you will be pleased with what you hear. They are still loud and clear, but I would not perhaps use them for music or movies (audio conferencing is ok, as is some light Youtube video watching). The very flat profile of course means the speakers lack any kind of bass. The combination makes for a great package audio-wise. ![]() The YOGA 900 comes with a Realtek sound card, JBL speakers and Dolby Audio software. The touchpad is quite large, which makes it easy to use. I love scrolling through web pages using the touch pad only (two finger scroll). For left clicks and gestures, it works perfectly. I had some trouble registering right clicks at first. The touch pad is very smooth and feels very nice to use. There is one adapter offered by Lenovo, but I could not find a store in Finland to buy it from. We will have to see how the situation changes down the line. If you buy an “adapter” and it wants to install drivers, complains about USB modes or is just not plug-n-play, check again, you might have been tricked.Īt the time of this review I have yet to find a good solution for outputting display signals. Nothing like that is needed for the YOGA 900: the USB 3.1 port is capable of driving displays. I tried ordering an adapter off eBay, only having to return it: it was not a proper adapter, rather an external USB graphics card. This situation might change as new adapters are released and USB 3.1 Type C connectors become more widespread. ![]() This means I cannot hook up the YOGA 900 to an external display. ![]() At least in Finland there is no proper conversion adapter to be able to connect the notebook to something I already have (HDMI, DisplayPort, DVI, VGA, etc). This little connector that represents the future actually gives me the most headache. It provides DisplayPort over USB 3.1 Type C, or you can use an adapter to transform that. You might notice that the notebook lacks any sort of digital display out port, but in fact the USB 3.1 Type C provides this output. NOVO button (to enter BIOS, restore the notebook, etc). ![]() ![]() Quest for Infamy completely understands the big picture here, and the amount of work that went into it is genuinely impressive - the pathing, the animation, the sheer scale of the world a valley that takes in two sizeable towns and stretches out through deep atmospheric woods to mountains, caves and beyond, almost all with unique, lovingly painted backgrounds instead of just filling the map with a big grid of flip-flopped trees pretending to be forest. ![]() The overall story is the same for all of them, but the distractions on the way change dramatically. Faced with a challenge like a thick bush blocking the path, the Sorcerer might fly over it, the Rogue set it on fire, and the Brigand simply chop the damn thing down with his bastard sword. The Rogue for instance gets to join the local thieves' guild and raid the town's houses for goodies, while the Sorcerer spends much of the early game on a scavenger hunt for reagents to cast spells and the Brigand. ![]() Each class isn't simply given a different weapon and special attack either, but their own stories, locations the other characters might never see, and radically different puzzle solutions. The words 'labour of love' are horribly over-used, but there's really no other word for any adventure that dares to take on the Quest for Glory template - a hybrid of adventure and RPG that demands, just as a starting point, huge sprawling worlds, a hero with stats as well as stuff, shitty combat (it's traditional!) and at least three paths through the game to cater for fighters, wizards and thieves - here, Brigands, Sorcerers and Rogues. Playing it though, it's a wonder we got it at all. (And, technically, Quest for Glory 4.5, but the less said about that one the better.) only to just get pipped to the post by Heroine's Quest! Ouch. That makes it a riffing twenty-five years in the waiting, if not making. It's a satire of a series that had its last real hurrah back in 1993 (Quest for Glory IV, one of my favourite adventures ever), but which is closest in theme to the original, 1989's Hero's Quest. Quest for Infamy is what happens when a joke gets completely out of control the gaming equivalent of waking up one day with a headache and a fuzzy tongue to find that you actually own a pancake shop called Wholly Crepe and that this is a thing that has happened. But do the bad guys really have more fun? Here's Wot I Think. Hot on the trails of Heroine's Quest, with Mage's Initiation and the original creators' Hero-U: Rogue To Redemption still to come, Quest for Infamy wants to take a rather less heroic approach to its mix of RPG and adventure. Isn't it just typical? You wait sixteen years for a new game that picks up where the Quest for Glory series left off, and suddenly four of them come along at once. ![]() ![]() ![]() Moreover, epic bosses will appear on special levels, and they will put up a fight to bring back the true concept of boss in the shoot them up genre. They are designed and developed with many special styles, thereby creating diversity and vividness in the boss system. Players’ refreshment will be intensely stimulated when there is always a boss waiting for them at the end of each level. Besides impressive gameplay, the game’s graphics are outstanding and attractive, promising to bring players the best visual quality. The best thing is that the physics system is widely applied throughout the levels and challenges, where the player can destroy the enemy based on many obstacles or explosives. Furthermore, the game emphasizes enemy design to match the evolving environment and gives the player a more immersive feeling than ever before. Thus, everything in the environment, including enemies, terrain, architecture, and spaceship, is built impressively and with depth. Sky Force Reloaded possesses advanced 3D graphics and is superior to most other games on the mobile market today. MESMERIZING GRAPHICS WITH AUTHENTIC PHYSICS Because of that, the game promises to bring players the most fast-paced and exciting moments in gameplay. The strong development in gameplay and graphics makes the game unique and exotic, even different from most games of the same genre. Besides, the game will continuously organize many attractive events and challenges, thereby creating many new feelings and giving players many rare rewards. Furthermore, Sky Force Reloaded will make things even more special and impressive, as it introduces various rich levels, diverse enemies, and exciting content for players to explore. The concept and style of the shoot them up genre have become so popular and widely loved today thanks to its simplicity. ![]() Moreover, the game adopts many novels and exclusive elements, so the special experiences, excitement, and endless pleasure of the game are almost endless for players to enjoy. That includes Sky Force Reloaded but uses a vivid, realistic, and interactive 3D graphics engine to give players the most refreshing feeling. When players want to test their evasion or reflexes, most will look to the shoot them up genre, which is widely applied in most games today. Read more: Soul Harvester, Amure Sharm, Crazy Cube, Ball Picker 3D - Relaxing Game. Note: Before installing the APK MOD, you need to uninstall the original version or another MOD version. Once you have completed the above step, you can go to the "Download" folder in the file manager and click on the downloaded MOD APK file.Īfter the installation is complete, you can open the application and experience as usual.Enable the "Unknown Sources" setting: Go to Menu > Settings > Security > and check for unknown sources so that your phone can install applications from sources other than the Google Play Store.To install software anywhere else, you have to enable installation from third-party sources.Then wait a few seconds for the system to automatically download the Sky Force Reloaded MOD APK / DATA file You can download it by clicking the download button below the article.To download Sky Force Reloaded (Unlimited Stars/God Mode) APK and other applications at you should see the instructions below. Download Sky Force Reloaded MOD APK with Unlimited Stars/God Mode. ![]() ![]() ![]() Our items come from a smoke-free & pet-free environment located in the USA. Bear in mind, a large % of our items are Vintage so please do not expect them to be as NEW! We try our level best to honestly describe all items as clearly as possible: pointing out any flaws, differences in Real/photo colors, or problems that we notice and of course, measurements & condition. Otherwise you may buy something that won’t fit or won’t be what you wanted. Guests: Please READ: Go totally by measurements or descriptions and ask ALL questions about concerns you have, prior to buying. The items that I list & sell are in my possession and the photos are REAL. The package that you receive from me will have an American return address. Description: Vintage Justin Packer Western Lace Up Leather Cowgirl Rodeo Roper Work Boot With Rubber Vibram Sole Made In USA Size 7.5 Brown Lace Up Leather Exterior Vibram Rubber Sole 8' Shaft Very Good Used Condition R/H2-0073. I am an American Seller located in the USA & I invite you to read my bio. Shop Womens Justin Boots Brown Size 7.5 Lace Up Boots at a discounted price at Poshmark. OUTER Measurements: length heel to roper toe: 12.75"-Width (across ball of foot): 4 &1/8" -heel height: 1 & 758"-Shaft height: 10". Please view ALL photos to see EXACTLY what you are buying. Mostly cosmetic: Creasing, wrinkles, dings, scuffs, nicks, dark spots, seasoning of the leather, and scratches. Condition: These Rare Justins show wear consistent with MORE than average use. MADE In the USA! These Boots are a weathered saddle tan color. These 10" lace up Working Ropers feature: "R" toes, stacked leather western heels, removable kilties, triple thick Biltrite ribbed synthetic outsoles, lighter top-stitching around the soles, "JUSTIN" logo embossed into the leather upper, NEW Kiwi workboot laces, NEW double pillo inserts, and kilties. Satisfy yourself that they will fit you, before you buy them. 10 Results: +2 Womens Hazer Print 84. ![]() Check out our selection of Justin Boots and fall in love today.You are viewing a pair of preowned Vintage USA Leather Western PACKER Boots by JUSTIN BOOT CO in size Mens 12D but ALWAYS measure your feet or a pair of boots with the same toe and then refer to our measurements. So whether you are a Bent Rail fan or a Tekno Crepe fan, you are guaranteed to find the right western boot for you. The Justin Boots heritage continues to innovate with modern technology like their patented Grip-on-Demand, J-Flex Comfort System and JST while keeping the Justin Boots mystique. With unique styles like the Stampede, George Strait, Ropers and Westerns, Justin Boots continues to lead the way in boot making. These boots are for the cowboy and cowgirl in all of us. The Packer Packer - Classic Configuration Rating: 1 Review Add Your Review 550.00 View Lead Times SKU PCKR- Buy with Confidence: I understand that Nicks recommends ordering a half size shorter than my normal size, and I can return and exchange my boots if they are in a new condition. In 130 years of existence men, women and children have been wearing the Justin Boots as a salute to independence and reliability. 3.0 out of 5 stars Justin Cappie Boots 114. ![]() Every pair of Justin Boots ever made is built with care and represents the hard work and dependability that won the west. 4.5 out of 5 stars Justin Buster Boots 154.95 (2) Justin - Cappie Boots. With the finest leathers and the latest styles in western boots, Justin will always supply the best. You can count on Justin for great western, casual and original work boots. Justin Boots has set the standard for boots of the west making some of the most durable and comfortable men's, women's and kids' boots around. Justin, his sons moved the company to Fort Worth where they are still located today. In only 2 years, the business doubled and Justin Boots were being sold in 26 states, Canada, Mexico and Cuba. Justin Boots started to take off and in 1908 his sons Earl and Avis joined the family business. His early customers were cowboys riding through the area, but once the railroad was built in Nocona 10 years later, Justin moved to expand his business. Justin quickly began crafting his own boots out of his home and Justin Boots was born. Justin moved to Spanish Fort, Texas as a boot repairman and as soon as he started, he became a master of his craft. Justin Boots has been making expert crafted footwear since 1879. If you've been looking to find the true great western heritage of Justin boot making, look no further. (1) 88.99 New Justin Mens Rush Brown Nano Composite Toe Work Boots SE466 10.5 102.70 New Justin WK251 Warhawk Mechanic Tan Waterproof Comp Toe Work BOOTS Size 9d 249.40 New Men’s Justin Work Boots Style WK581 Size 8D 98. ![]() ![]() ![]() Even when I go through a rough time, I don’t wear black because that’s just not me. Regardless of my mood, I always tend to wear color. You’ll see a fair bit of warm tones in my collection.ĭoes your style evolve with your mood, season, time of day, etc.? I was obsessed with orange growing up and I’ve always been drawn to warmer colors. Oh yes, ever since I was a kid I’ve always loved color. ![]() How would you describe your personal style? Have you always loved color? From there, the collection really came to life! Was it the pattern? Was it the color? Was it the memory associated with it? What made me love those pieces? We also looked at some of my top selling styles from my Instagram because we wanted to know what my followers liked. Not because we wanted to recreate them, but because we wanted to understand why they were my favorites. We started the design process by going through my closet and pulling out my favorite pieces. What went into creating your collections from start to finish? The goal was to create a lot of really fun, happy styles that could be worn year after year.īrowse the entire collection on Rent the Runway Although you can find a fair bit of colorful pieces in the marketplace, it’s much harder to find colorful prints. When I decided to collaborate with Rent the Runway, I knew that it had to be a vibrant collection. I’m a firm believer that wearing a colorful outfit can really change your mood and the mood of those around you. The driving force behind my collection (and probably anything that I will ever do) is color and happiness. What inspired it and why are you so excited to be collaborating with Rent the Runway? I wear a ton of different hats–I consider myself the Color Me Courtney intern, photographer, editor, creative director and everything in between. I love connecting with my followers on my blog, Youtube, Instagram, TikTok, Pinterest and Twitter. I ultimately decided to quit my corporate job to focus on my blog, and I haven’t looked back since!Ī lot of my job is sharing colorful clothes and positive inspiration with women online. Eventually, my blog landed me my dream job–making handbags as a product developer at Coach.Ĭolor Me Courtney continued to grow over the years, so much so that I found myself working two full-time jobs. I started working various retail jobs and decided to start a blog, Color Me Courtney, as a resume booster/side hustle. After graduation, I relocated to New York to work in the fashion industry. ![]() Hi, I’m Courtney Quinn, a NYC-based blogger obsessed with all things color! I grew up in Arizona in a very beige suburb before moving to San Francisco to get my MBA. How did you start your blog, Color Me Courtney? To start, tell us a little about yourself. We caught up with Courtney to learn more about the launch, which hue is her absolute favorite, and the must-rent styles she can’t go without. This summer, she’s back at it again with her signature style. Now, with over 750k followers on Instagram alone, Courtney is inspiring women everywhere to “dress outside the lines.”Īs a part of Rent the Runway’s exclusive tastemaker line, which partners with the industry’s leading style stars on exclusive collections, we teamed up with Courtney last summer for a 16-piece capsule complete with bold patterns, quirky prints and vibrant colors. Known for her bold sense of style and candy-colored content, Courtney started her blog, Color Me Courtney, as a way to get her foot in the door of the fashion industry. It’s safe to say this creative force is the color queen of The Big Apple. ![]() ![]() ![]() In 2007 Mayor Michael Bloomberg called congestion “the elephant in the room” when proposing a toll program, which state lawmakers killed. Despite support from several New York City mayors and state governors, car and truck owners in outer boroughs and the suburbs helped defeat proposals. The plan would also mark the culmination of more than a half-century of efforts to implement congestion pricing in New York City. “This program is critical to New York City’s long-term success,” New York Gov. Congestion pricing advocates say it’s a crucial piece of the city’s recovery and a way to re-imagine the city for the future. New York City is still clawing out of from the devastating impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. The public has until Monday to review the report, and the federal government is widely expected to approve it shortly after.įrom there, the New York Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) can finalize toll rates, as well as discounts and exemptions for certain drivers. The plan had been delayed for years, but it cleared a milestone last month when the Federal Highway Administration signed off on the release of an environmental assessment. ![]() Proposals range from charging vehicles $9 to $23 during peak hours, and it’s set to go into effect next spring. In practice it works like any other toll, but because it specifically charges people to drive in the traffic-choked area below 60th street in Manhattan, it would be the first program of its kind in the United States. The toll is formally known as the Central Business District Tolling Program - but it’s commonly called “congestion pricing.” President Joe Biden’s administration is set to allow New York City to move forward with a landmark program that will toll vehicles entering Lower Manhattan, after a public review period ends Monday. ![]() ![]() We look forward to sharing this special place with you. When you cross the Cedar Point Causeway and see our landscape in the distance, we know you’ll get goosebumps, and we guarantee you’ll be glad you’ve made the trip. 7501 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22043. And summer splashes are right next door at the Cedar Point Shores Waterpark with its multiple water gadgets, pools for little ones and slides for the whole family. Reviews on Capital One Bank in Seven Corners, VA 22044 - Capital One Bank, TD Bank, Bank of America Financial. Please scroll down the page to view our locations or click the button to visit our interactive map. The amusement park has a little bit of something for every thrill-seeker. 4 Convenient Locations Capital Women’s Care, Division 37 now has 4 locations in Northern Virginia. Live shows, immersive dining and signature summer events add diverse layers to the experience. ![]() It's home to 71 amazing rides, from the family-friendly Snake River Expedition to the adrenaline-pumping roller coasters like Steel Vengeance and Millennium Force. Capital One Idylwood Plaza branch is located at 7501 Leesburgh Pike, Falls Church, VA 22043 and has been serving Fairfax county, Virginia for over 18 years. If you’re looking for things to do near Cleveland, Cedar Point, located in Sandusky, Ohio, is the must-do destination. These connections last for generations and are built on tradition – traditions that began more than 150 years ago. Cedar Point is where moments, memories and connections are made. It’s more than the mile-long sandy beach where our rich history began. and Mortar Office 6367 Seven Corners Ctr Falls Church, VA 22044 507 reviews. ![]() Cedar Point is more than roller coasters. Jp Morgan Chase Jobs Near Me) 24h JPMorgan Chase & Co Part Time Associate. ![]() ![]() And it allows the researchers to make nuanced recommendations to landowners and land managers. That ability to rank the relative importance of habitat factors influenced by human activity is one of the things that makes the study unique. "It seems like vegetation right around the nest is more important for survival than the large-scale context." ![]() But Maresh Nelson says that result wasn't entirely clear. Nests near row crops were slightly more at risk of failure, possibly due to greater nest predation by mammals such as raccoons that spend time near crop fields as a food source. It was surprising, because dickcissel nests are usually their favorite," Maresh Nelson says. "We think the cowbirds were laying their eggs in the nests of woodland birds instead. They mapped the presence of row crops and forested areas near their study sites, and found that dickcissel nests near forested areas were less likely to be parasitized. Zooming out, the researchers looked at the role of large-scale landscape changes on nest survival. The researchers aren't sure why fescue affected parasitism, but parasitized nests in the study had fewer dickcissel eggs, failed more frequently, and produced fewer dickcissel fledglings. When a mother dickcissel finds a cowbird egg in her nest, she cares for it as one of her own, leaving fewer resources for her biological offspring. Cowbirds never build their own nests instead, they lay their eggs in existing nests of other bird species. With less food around their nests, birds may be forced to make more feeding trips, attracting the attention of potential predators with every flight.įescue was also associated with nest parasitism by cowbirds, the most common avian parasite in North American grasslands. "The fact that fescue came out as one of the main drivers of nest failure means it might be a situation where removing an invasive grass might benefit wildlife and people's livelihoods," she says.īut why does fescue contribute to nest failure? The researchers point to earlier studies demonstrating that tall fescue hosts fewer insects than other types of vegetation. Although it is palatable and drought tolerant, the grass hosts a fungus that can stress grazing cattle. Her comment is based on extensive landowner surveys in the area, which revealed that while some respondents liked a high abundance of fescue, a majority would prefer less fescue on pasture land. "We were interested that tall fescue had such strong ecological effects, in part because fescue is a very polarizing plant," Coon says. No other plant in their surveys had significant predictive power. In their Iowa-based study, the researchers identified all the plants within a 16-foot radius of every dickcissel nest they found - all 477 of them - and the more tall fescue there was, the greater the chances of nest failure. It changes the vegetation structure quite a bit." "Whereas the vegetation was very structurally diverse before, with some tall plants and some short, now you have a mat. ![]() It takes over and makes the landscape more uniform," says Jaime Coon, also a doctoral student in Miller's group and a co-author on the study. ![]() "Despite its name, tall fescue is actually a lot shorter than native grasses. In a recent study published in Landscape Ecology, Maresh Nelson and his colleagues found that a common cattle forage grass, tall fescue, is associated with nest failure in dickcissels, small grassland birds similar to sparrows. Therefore, it is urgent that we understand how these more recent changes - invasive species and landscape shifts - influence grassland bird reproduction," says Scott Maresh Nelson, a doctoral student advised by Professor Jim Miller in the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences (NRES) at the University of Illinois. "With grasslands in steep decline, the birds that depend on them are also disappearing. ![]() |